مداری در مغز که به تصمیم گیری کمک میکند
🔹به تازگی پژوهشگران رفتار پیچیده یک مدار مغزی را در مغز کرم C. elegans کشف کرده اند.
🔸 این مدار با داشتن تنها چند نورون میتواند بر اساس تغییرات محیطی رفتار جاندار را تغییر دهد به گونه ای که کرم شروع به عملیات جست و جوی غذا کند یا دست نگه دارد.
🔹 این رفتار برای بقای جاندار بسیار مهم است. با بررسی مدارهای مغزی جانداران ساده میتوان به زیربنای عصبی رویدادهای پیچیده در مغز جانداران پیچیده تر نیز به شکل بهتری پی برد و مطالعات هدفمندتری انجام داد.
🔸 مطالعهی این کرم در دنیای نوروساینس بسیار محبوب است چرا که تنها 302 نورون دارد و نقشه کامل مغز آن مشخص است. با این حال ارتباط بین این نورون ها گوناگون است و همپوشانی های متعددی دارند که همچنان در مطالعات کشف میشوند.
🔹 تیم تحقیقاتی با استفاده از روش تصویربرداری مبتنی بر تشعشعات وابسته به کلسیم، مغز کرم را مورد بررسی قرار داد.
🔸این روش به آنها این امکان را میداد که حین حرکت کرم نیز تصویربرداری عصبی انجام شود. زمانی که سروتونین در مغز کرم ترشح میشود، تصمیم میگیرد که از جست و جوی غذا دست بکشد.
🔹آنها همچنین بر اساس یافته های تصویربرداری نرم افزاری طراحی کردند که با دقت 95 درصد میتواند رفتار کرم را پیش بینی کند که چه زمانی شروع به گشتن برای غذا میکند و چه زمانی این کار را متوقف میکند.
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